Marriage and the Bible - Part 28 - The Major Prophets and Marriage Imagery

In the prophets there is no real changes in the rules of marriage although some things are reemphasized. In the major prophets (Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel and Daniel) some marriage imagery is used to illustrate the relationship God has with his people.


Isaiah 54 has some sharp marriage imagery where God talks to Israel calling her a forsaken wife but then he has restored her. Chapter 50 talks of divorce but saying that there is no certificate of divorce barring his way to his servant.


Jeremiah is far more in your face. Over and over he likens Judah and Israel to unfaithful wives who have become whores to foreign gods. This is particularly seen in Jeremiah chapter 3. He uses it again at the end of chapter 31 where he says he would create a new covenant unlike the first one - one in which he would change them to be faithful.


If Jeremiah was harsh, Ezekiel is off the chain. Chapter 16 of Ezekiel is completely about how God's two wives were not only unfaithful and whores but how they went out of their way to outdo the other nations in their harlotry. God even uses the death of Ezekiel's own wife as a sign of what is about to happen to the nation of Judah if they do not turn from this (Chapter 24).


Daniel does not invoke this imagery at all but does mention the whole wives/concubines issue.


In looking at all the imagery of the major prophets regarding marriage the one thing that is emphasized is faithfulness. God uses the image of what is supposed to be the hallmark of any marriage and then shows how Judah and Israel both have been like unfaithful wives. None of the major prophets will compare though to the singular image of Hosea.


Next: Hosea's Marriage

The Bible and Nakedness -- Part 9 -- Jeremiah and Ezekiel say a few words.

Jeremiah does not really get into the whole nakedness thing in his big book by his name but in Lamentations he mentions nakedness a couple of times in which the reference is to shame and desolation. In one place the breasts of jackals is mentioned where it is said that even jackals offer their breasts to their young but the daughters of Zion were more cruel and wouldn't. Mostly another reference to women's breasts as something that has the power to nurture life.

Ezekiel by contrast uses nakedness as a constant metaphor in his prophecies particularly concerning Israel, Judah and Jerusalem.

Chapter 16 is particularly graphic in its description of how God found Israel like a a baby left to die on the side of a road and God saved her and blessed her as she grew up. Chapter 16:7 mentions how that when she had no breasts and was naked God took care of her (by the way this is the only verse I could find where the word breasts and naked both appear and it is not about sexuality but vulnerability and youth). God states than no one but Him cared for them when they were naked and swimming in their own blood. I said it was graphic. The rest of the chapter is about how Israel has been treacherous because even though God has loved her so, she has decided to play the harlot and expose herself to other gods. Ezekiel will play on the image of the unfaithful wife for the rest of the book.

Chapter 18 remarks about how the people have left the poor naked and vulnerable and thus they will be judge for it. The same is true for 22:10.

Chapter 23 is another graphic description of God's relationship with Israel (Samaria) and Judah who he calls harlots and uses the images of nakedness and breasts in a sexual way. The idea of foreplay comes to mind as you read verse 3. In all cases the issue is how God has always loved his wives Israel and Judah but they have been unfaithful to Him but playing the harlot with other gods. Because of this God promises he will give them both into the hands of their lovers and they will be striped naked and be made ashamed. Particularly telling is how Ezekiel uses the image of nakedness to convey shame and lewdness. The problem is the metaphorical usage which does not really help us with our issue other than to say that sometimes to be naked is to be ashamed or to be exposed and vulnerable but it never really defines nakedness. Nakedness is understood in these passages by the readers and hearers, so Ezekiel never defines it.

Nakedness = shame, vulnerability, exposure

Next: Nakedness and the Rest of the Prophets

Nudity, Modesty and Culture -- Part Two -- Does God Hate Nakedness?

I had a professor in Bible College that had an expression when dealing with dress issues -- "God does not like nakedness!" I agreed with him a lot as a fellow Wesleyan, but on this issue I just couldn't get true Biblical support for the idea that God hates nakedness in general and always has. If that were so, why on earth did he create Adam and Eve naked? It lead me to ponder the question of nakedness and whether or not God hates nakedness.

I think the problem with nakedness is not nakedness in itself. The problem is sin and the resulting loss of innocence that causes shame from nakedness.

The first reference to nakedness in the Bible is Genesis 2:25 -- And the man and his wife were both naked and were not ashamed. I think this expresses the nature of innocence and purity on the part of Adam and Eve. They could see each other as wonderful creations of God and with no knowledge of good or evil, that is all they could see. They each had beautiful bodies and that is what they marvelled in. God declared all things 'very good' after their creation and that included 'naked and unashamed'. They walked before God and each other naked and without shame of any kind.

Sin changes this forever. Suddenly they are aware of their nakedness where before they had been blissfully ignorant. This shame could not have been about each other in truth though being husband and wife. I know we find it had to imagine but Adam and Eve Being husband and wife they must have consummated their marriage on the grass of the garden of Eden and so covering their shame of nakedness could not have had much to do with concealment from each other. It had to do with God. Now they were naked and vulnerable to God. Fear comes in, fear of God and being truly helpless before him -- naked before him. The couple covers their loins with aprons of leaves -- waist to mid thigh. There is no mention of any other area being covered on either one. In fact when nakedness is mentioned by the prophets this is the focus that Israel would be shamed with nakedness having their buttocks exposed. The focus of shame seems to be the buttocks and genital regions

One fact that needs to be mentioned is that female breasts and nakedness are never really equated except in Ezekiel 16:7 where God is speaking to Israel about how she used to be like a teenage girl who's breasts were formed but she was still naked until God clothed her. In all other references to female breasts there is some other thing at issue not nakedness. There is an exhortation to men to let themselves be satisfied with the breasts of their wife in very frank language at times in the Song of Solomon and Proverbs. The other way female breasts are addressed is in reference to nursing children. Even Jesus was addressed this way buy a woman in Luke 11:27. Jesus is not embarrassed by the statement and in fact refers to women's breasts in the same way in Luke 23:29. What this all indicates to me is shame associated with women's breasts being bare in a culture may be just that -- cultural. That why here in the USA ,where part of our cultural has been shaped by both puritanical and holiness roots with their emphasis on 'modest' apparel, exposed breasts have some shame to them but this is not the shame of sin so much as the same of elements of culture say it is wrong. Go to another culture and you see women topless and the men think no more or less of it than any other part of a woman's body. Something to be admired, but not necessarily immediately arousing.

Shift south of the border, so to speak, and the Biblical idea of shame of nakedness comes in full force. This is where shame comes in from Genesis, The Law, through the Old Testament prophets and even the Revelation this is presented. Noah's nakedness is exposed by his son, but not by the other two sons -- they cover him. I find it hard to believe that four hard working men building an ark didn't strip down for work like Peter did when he fished. The nakedness of Noah had more to do with exposing his 'apron area'. The term nakedness is also used to refer to sexual relations in the Law -- this is where incestuous relationships are condemned -- see Leviticus 18. The prophets refer to this area as well for shame of being sold into slavery as exposed because of the failure of Israel to follow God. Mark runs away naked to escape in the garden when Jesus is arrested. Revelation also talks about nakedness in reference to the shame of Laodicea and the whore of Babylon. In all of these, sin is the main culprit not nakedness in and of itself. The real question is the nature of sin and how it made and makes something good and beautiful into something shameful. It is the lust of mankind that is at issue.

I don't think God hates nakedness -- he made us that way to illustrate true intimacy and openness -- what I think he hates is what sin has done to our innocence about nakedness. The positive about nakedness is that it illustrates how we ultimately have to come to God and be naked before him and let him cloth us and raise us up. It is lust through sin that has caused a wonderful creation of God to be fouled up.

Next: Where Lust Lives.
Previous: Defining Modest